Papers

1. Circumcision Pros and Cons (MSNBC News)
   "The American Academy of Pediatrics has maintained a somewhat neutral policy, saying that while circumcision has some health benefits associated with it, along with surgical risks such as bleeding and infection, the procedure is not medically essential. However, recent studies have prompted the group to review its policy on circumcision, with a decision expected within the next several months on whether changes need to be made." 07-06
   
   
2. Circumcision Pros and Cons (U.S. News)
   "Well, a study of 5,000 initially uncircumcised Ugandan men in this week's New England Journal of Medicine found that once the men underwent circumcision, their rate acquiring herpes virus infection plunged by 28 percent and they were 35 percent less likely to get infected with human papillomavirus (HPV), which is responsible for genital warts and, in women, cervical cancer."
   
   "Previous research has shown that circumcision reduces infection with the HIV virus by 60 percent—although other studies have shown no difference in rates of certain sexually transmitted diseases between circumcised and uncircumcised men." 04-09
   
   
3. Method to Prevent AIDS Under Study (New York Times)
   "The most striking studies suggest that men can lower their own risk of infection by roughly two-thirds, and that infected men can reduce the odds of transmitting the virus to their partners by about 30 percent, simply by undergoing circumcision. Research suggests that the cells on the underside of the foreskin are prime targets for the virus and that tears and abrasions in the foreskin can invite the infection."
   
   "But World Health Organization experts say it would be premature to recommend circumcision until results come in from two randomized controlled trials involving nearly 8,000 people in Kenya and Uganda. Preliminary results could be released by late June." 04-06
   
   
4. Pediatricians Support Health Benefits of Circumcision (CBS News)
   "The nation's most influential pediatricians group says the health benefits of circumcision in newborn boys outweigh any risks and insurance companies should pay for it." 08-12
   
   
5. Stein Contemplates Circumcision for His Son (Time.com)
   "So in a few weeks, I'm going to buy some bagels, call a mohel who is also a pediatric surgeon and believes in local anesthetic, and do something that I'm pretty sure is wrong." 03-08
   
   
6. Study: Circumcision in Males Associated with Fewer AIDS Infections (BBC News)
   "They calculated that within a decade some two million new HIV infections and 300,000 deaths could be prevented. And in the ten years after that, a further 3.7 million infections and 2.7 million deaths could be avoided - with one in four of the deaths prevented being in South Africa." 07-06
   
   

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